Course Descriptions

1 Semester - ½ Credit

This high school credit class for 8th grade student’s is a semester long. This class provides an opportunity to learn skills that will be applied to every project. Using the elements of design, students will produce creative art projects that reflect understanding and explore personal expression. Students will use a variety of drawing media such as pencil, charcoal, and marker in addition to tempera paint, watercolor, and ceramics. This class is a prerequisite for upper level electives. Each project is connected to ODE Standards for VisualArt.

1 Semester - ½ Credit 

This class is a prerequisite for some upper level electives.

This semester class provides an opportunity to learn skills that will be applied to every project. Using the elements of design, students will produce creative art projects that reflect understanding and explore personal expression. Students will use a variety of drawing media such as pencil, charcoal, and marker in addition to tempera paint, watercolor, and ceramics. Each project is connected to ODE Standards for Visual Art.

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite - Introduction to Art

This year long Art 2 class provides an opportunity to use skills learned in Introduction to Art to create diverse projects. Using the elements and principles of design students will produce creative art projects that reflect understanding and explore personal expression. Media will include, pencil, charcoal, oil pastels, acrylic paint, and an introduction to oil painting. Each project is connected to ODE Standards for Visual Art.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

Prerequisite: Introduction to Art & Art 2

This semester elective will explore more deeply the media of drawing and painting. Students will use new media such as scratch board and oil paints, in addition to acrylic. Each project is connected to ODE Standards for Visual Art.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

Prerequisite - Introduction to Art

This semester class will explore several procedures for creating art with clay. Slab construction, coil construction, glazing and the potter’s wheel will all be covered. The course encompasses all ceramics related skills. Each project is connected to ODE Standards for Visual Art.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

Prerequisite- Introduction to Art & Art 2.

This semester class will focus on creating 3 dimensional art in the form of sculp- ture and jewelry. Both additive and reductive methods will be used in clay, paper mâché. In jewelry, students will use paper, copper, precious metal clay, rubber stamps, wire, and cord. Each project is connected to ODE Standards for Visual Art.

Digital Smartphone Photography

1 Semester - ½ Credit

Prerequisite - Introduction to Art

This semester class will focus on becoming familiar with the camera in your smartphone and all it has to offer. It will cover composition, styles of photogra- phy, portraits, landscapes, motion and depth, photo journaling, lowlight and night photography, as well as editing apps. Cell phones may not be used in other classes, all school rules for cell phones still apply.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

Financial Literacy is a semester course that aligns with the Ohio Financial Literacy and Common Core Standards. Students will learn personal financial skills which they will be able to apply to the real world. Interpreting paychecks, analyzing finances, creating budgets and planning for the future are just a few of the skills and concepts that will be discussed and analyzed in greater detail. This course will help develop a greater understanding of financial awareness and prepare students with the knowledge they will need to make informed financial decisions in the future.

*THIS COURSE WILL BE MANDATORY FORTHE GRADUATING CLASSES OF 2026 & BEYOND.

All Year - 1 Credit

The students learn to work with the various journals and ledger accounts and will follow the accounting cycle to the end of the fiscal period for proprietorships and partnerships. Realism is created through

the use of standard forms and procedures. An introduction to income tax and payroll taxes is given. Students will complete a Reinforcement Activity which will give them practical experience in journalizing, posting and creating various financial statements necessary in business operation. Students are given exposure to automated accounting on the computer.

*THIS COURSE SATISFIES THE FINANCIAL LITERACY REQUIREMENT FOR THE GRADUATING CLASSES OF 2023, 2024 & 2025.

A fee is charged.

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Introduction to Accounting.

The students will continue to apply their skills from Introduction to Accounting but in greater detail and more experience will be gained on the computer. This course will offer students interested in pursuing a career in Accounting, Business Man- agement, and even Finance an opportunity to explore the subject in greater detail.

A fee is charged.

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: 8th Grade English

This course focuses on literature, vocabulary and composition for the college- bound student. The course offers an overview of literature across major forms and genres including the short story, the novel, poetry, drama and literary nonfiction. The development of composition skills is emphasized and focuses on the logical development of a thesis and supporting ideas. The development of research skills emphasizes the defining and refining of research questions.

There is a course fee.

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisites: 8th Grade English; successful completion of placement exam & teacher recommendation

Designed for motivated learners, this course emphasizes the close reading of chal- lenging literary and informational texts. Coursework focuses on vocabulary study, enhancement of communication skills and development of formal writing skills, including argumentative, literary analysis, expository, narrative and research modes. Students are required to complete a summer reading assignment.

There is a course fee.

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: College English 9

Continuing to develop the concepts from English 9, students will read, analyze, and explore texts by genre and/or theme. During the course, the students will read informational texts, myths, classic and/or young adult novels, memoirs, short stories, poetry, Greek and Shakespearean Drama, and/or films in accordance with the Common Core Standards. Close reading is emphasized. In addition, instruction will include the writing process with several possible genres: literary analysis, rhetorical analysis, argument, research, and narrative. Also, developing vocabulary, grammar, and speaking and listening instruction is integrated into the curriculum.

There is a course fee.

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisites: Honors English 9; teacher recommendation

Designed for the motivated sophomore, this course follows the curriculum of College English 10 with more enriched experiences for discussion and additional independent reading or writing may be required. There is a summer reading require- ment for this course. Failure to turn in a summer reading assignment will result in a failing grade for that assignment. Preparation for advanced placement and college readiness is emphasized.

There is a course fee.

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: College English 10

This course is devoted to the study of American literature from the Colonial Period to the late twentieth century. Throughout the year, students will analyze historical and informational texts as well as literary texts across all genres in accordance with the Common Core Standards. Close reading is emphasized. In addition, instruction will include the writing process with several possible genres: literary analysis, rhetorical analysis, argument, synthesis, and narrative. Also, developing vocabulary, grammar, and speaking and listening instruction is integrated into the curriculum.

There is a course fee.

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisites: Honors English 9; Honors English 10 & teacher recommendation

The AP English Language and Composition course focuses on the development and revision of evidence-based analytic and argumentative writing, the rhetorical analysis of nonfiction texts, and the decisions writers make as they compose and revise. Close reading is emphasized. Students evaluate, synthesize, and cite research to support their arguments. In addition, instruction will include the writing process with exposure to various modes of writing with a key focus on the rhetorical analysis, synthesis, and argument free response. Peer discussion is expected in the AP Classroom. This course requires students to complete a summer reading assign- ment and to take the AP Exam in the spring. Failure to turn in a summer reading assignment will result in a failing grade for that assignment.

Depending on the college/university, students may receive college credit for 1 to 2 courses.

There is a course fee.

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: College English 11

This course is a survey of classic and modern literature which will explore all literary genres. This course also refines the writing skills the students have developed thus far, with emphasis on the narrative, expository and argumentative rhetorical modes. The ongoing development of informative literacy skills will culminate in the writing of a college-level, thesis-driven research paper.

There is a course fee.

Prerequisite: Application for CCP; these courses are taken in Grade 12.

These are the course descriptions from EGCC. These courses will be taken per semester. The first semester will include English Composition I, and the second semester will focus on Introduction to Literature. This course offers students college credit through the College Credit Plus program at Eastern Gateway Community College as ENG 101 and ENG 201. Students will receive six (6) semester hours of undergraduate credit.

ENG 101 - English Composition I

This course is designed to improve writing skills and to introduce basic research skills. Emphasis is placed on writing that is appropriate to the situation and audience in content, organization, tone, and style. Students learn the strategies associated with composing: brainstorming, free writing, clustering, drafting, revising, editing, and proofreading. Students are required to produce a variety of essays demonstrating skill and are introduced to library and online research methods. A short research paper using MLA documentation is required. Course may require participation in outside classroom activities/events that relate to course outcomes. This is a three semester hour course.

ENG 201 - Introduction to Literature

This course introduces students to major forms of literature, poetry, drama, short stories, novels, and/or film and has them responding to these works with critical thought combined with personal insight and interpretation. Emphasis is on articulat- ing responses and analyses through journal writing, in-class short essay responses, classroom discussions, and out of class essays. Course may require participation in outside classroom activities/events that relate to the course outcomes. This is a three semester hour course. ENG 101 is required.

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisites: Honors English 9; Honors English 10; AP English 11 & teacher recommendation

This course is designed for highly capable and motivated students who wish to enhance their analytical interpretation skills through an intensive study of world literature. Coursework focuses on reading, analyzing, and writing about classic fiction from various countries and time periods. Students engage in close reading and critical analysis to deepen their understanding of the ways writers use language to provide both meaning and pleasure. Writing assignments include expository, analytical, and argumentative essays that require students to analyze and interpret literary works. This course requires students to complete a summer reading assign- ment and to take the AP Exam in the spring. Failure to turn in a summer reading assignment will result in a failing grade for that assignment.

Depending on the college/university, students may receive college credit for 1 to 2 courses.

There is a course fee.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

In this course, students will study the principles of child growth, development and behavior. An emphasis will be placed on the cognitive development of a child and sensory and motor skills. Additional topics will include childhood diseases, immunizations, theories of development, learning styles and evaluating child care services. For students in grades 11 and 12.

A fee is charged.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

In this course, students will develop effective learning strategies and skills to provide a strong foundation for successful lifelong learning. Throughout the course, students will research careers and occupations, review postsecondary admissions qualifications, develop interviewing skills and participate in internships.

Additional topics will include principles and techniques of professionalism, networking, conflict-resolution, negotiation, leadership and entrepreneurship. For students in grades 9, 10, and 11.

A fee is charged.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

In this course, students will study the visual appearance of fabric and fashion design.Students will identify, analyze and apply production processes and techniques to textiles. Additional topics will include the maintenance and alterations of textile products, including home interior accessories and garments. For students in grades 9 through 12.

A fee is charged.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

In this course, students will apply fundamental culinary techniques, such as knife handling skills and the recognition, selection and proper use of tools and equipment.An emphasis will be placed on mise en place, the management of time, ingredients and equipment. Students will apply standard recipe conversions using proper scaling and measurement techniques. For students in grades 11 and 12.

A fee is charged.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

Prerequisite: Healthy Living or Culinary Fundamentals

In this course, students will compare cuisines, ingredients and preferred cooking methods of various cultures. The influence of traditions and regional and cultural perspectives on food choices and culinary practices will be emphasized. Students will examine the issues and conditions that affect the availability and quality of food in the global market, and apply advanced cooking techniques, including the use of specialty and advanced equipment in the preparation of food dishes. For students in grade 12 only.

A fee is charged.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

In this course students will develop a personalized approach to healthy living. An emphasis will be placed on developing personal health for an adolescent that can be used as they transition through life. Additional topics will focus on problem-solving, work ethics, nutritional and food selections, family dynamics and personal health. For students in grades 9 and 10.

A fee is charged.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

Oral interpretation is a communications course. The class is organized to provide students with the opportunity of speaking and listening in a variety of situations before a group of peers as well as a critical evaluator. The course is grounded in research, organization, critical thinking, and delivery with professionalism.

This class is beneficial for every student grades 9-12, especially those selecting teaching, law, broadcasting or business related fields. This course may be used to fulfill the Fine & Performing Arts credit required by state universities in Ohio.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

Prerequisite: World History and a Junior or Senior standing

History of Fine Arts is a multi-disciplinary course in art, music, literature, and architecture. It is presented on a continent-by-continent basis. The text will be enhanced by lectures, class discussion, the use of slides, compact discs, videos, and the reading of selected poetry and short stories. The class will fulfill either a Social Studies or a Fine Arts requirement at state universities in Ohio.

All Year - 1 Credit

In Spanish I, grammar usage is stressed along with the acquisition of vocabulary and learning to read, write and speak in Spanish. Many drills involving imitation, repetition and substitution are employed. The students practice grammar usage and writing through a variety of activities. They are introduced to culture through the book, internet and videotapes.

A fee is charged

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Spanish I (A grade of C or better is recommended) The second year of Spanish is designed to increase students’ proficiency in the four basic skills: writing, reading, speaking, listening comprehension and more complex

grammar structure. The students will learn more about the culture and customs of the various Spanish-speaking countries. A fee is charged

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Spanish II (A grade of C or better is recommended)

This course is for students who enjoy the study of the Spanish language and want to continue with its practice and use as a means of communication. Speaking the language is encouraged and the acquisition of new vocabulary is stressed. The emphasis on reading is on learning to read for understanding and pleasure so as to appreciate Spanish literature.

A fee is charged

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Spanish III (A grade of C or better is recommended)

A major objective of Spanish IV is to gain the ability to speak and comprehend the Spanish language fluently. Grammar is reviewed and expanded upon to strengthen language skills. Short stories, foreign films, and other authentic resources are utilized in this course. Vocabulary is studied to prepare students for college placement tests.

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Spanish IV (A grade of C or better is recommended)

A major objective of Spanish V is to prepare students to test out of a foreign language requirement in college and/or to prepare students for the CLEP exam to gain college credit hours. Students will continue developing the ability to produce and comprehend the Spanish language fluently. Focus is on etymology and history of the language. Short stories, foreign films, and other authentic resources will continue to be utilized in this course to achieve an overall fluency rating of Intermediate Mid. Vocabulary and grammar are also reviewed and expanded to prepare students for college placement tests.

All Year - 1 Credit

Students of Italian I will be introduced to multiple grammar points as well as essential vocabulary. Italian I students will begin their phonetic studies with the alphabet and sounds in order to grasp the pronunciation of the language. Level I of Italian will also introduce important cultural traditions. Italian I students will be able to speak and understand the basics of the language by the end of the year.

A fee is charged.

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Italian I (A grade of C or better is recommended.)

In Italian II, students will continue to use the grammatical structures from ItalianI within a more conversational context. The second year of Italian studies will shift focus from grammar to speech and will work toward breaking the silence barrier that most language learners encounter. By the end of Italian II, the students will be able to speak and understand the language efficiently while also correctly employing their grammar background.

A fee is charged.

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Italian II (A grade of C or better is recommended.)

Students in Italian III will continue to build a grammar and vocabulary foundation within a more written context. Italian III will shift focus from grammar and speaking to writing. Italian III will build upon Italian I and II by adding a geographical and historical base of knowledge. By the end of Italian III, the students will be able to successfully understand, speak, and write within the target language.

A fee is charged.

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Italian III (A grade of C or better is recommended.)

Italian IV students continue to acquire skills in speaking, writing and reading Italian. Grammar is reviewed and expanded through thematic units and cultural studies. Students will be challenged to use Italian to communicate their ideas and to work toward a more fluid command of the language. Authentic resources such as operas, short stories and foreign films will be utilized to prepare students for college studies.

All Year - 1 Credit

Recommendations: Students with a grade of C in 7th or 8th grade math.

Applied Algebra is intended to help students make the transition from Arithmetic to Algebra placing emphasis on prerequisite skills, concepts, and problem solving processes. This will provide a foundation to earn an additional 3 credits in Algebra,Geometry and Algebra 2 to meet state graduation requirements.

All Year - 1 Credit

Recommendations: Students taking this course at the 9th grade level should have a good background in mathematics at the 7th and 8th grade level. Students with a grade of A or B in 8th Grade Math or students with a grade of C in 8th Grade Advanced Math should take this course. Algebra 1 is a full year course that is the first year of a three-year core curriculum. It includes the concepts of real number properties, solving linear and quadratic equations, graphing, problem-solving strategies, deductive reasoning, patterns and relations. It is the first year course in a sequence that would empower the student to succeed in advanced mathematical topics. A TI-84 graphing calculator is recommended.

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: 8th Grade Advanced Math.

Students in this course will cover all of the regular Algebra 1 concepts, as well as more advanced concepts and problems. Students should maintain at least a B average to remain in the Advanced Math courses. A TI-84 graphing calculator is recommended.

All Year - 1 Credit

Recommendations: Students successfully completing Algebra 1. Geometry is a full year course that is the second year of a core curriculum. It includes the study of 2 and 3 dimensional figures. Students construct and interpret geometric models and apply properties to problem situations. A system of axioms will be developed and used to construct formal proofs. An algebraic treatment of Geometry will be included as will a brief treatment of trigonometry. It is the second course in a sequence that would empower the student to succeed in advanced mathematical topics

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: The student should have earned a strong B or higher in Advanced Algebra 1 in the 8th or 9th Grade.

This course is designed to challenge the student in the areas of Geometry, Trigonometry, and advanced Algebraic concepts. The course is conducted at an advanced pace, with higher level concepts discussed on a daily basis. A strong Algebraic foundation will be expected and required for success in this course. Students with weak Algebraic background will typically struggle and will be expected to fill these gaps accordingly.

All Year - 1 Credit

Recommendations: At least a C in Algebra 1 and Geometry.

Algebra 2 is a full year course that is the third year of a core curriculum. Its purpose is to extend the concepts introduced in Algebra 1 and will include trigonometric functions, matrices, conic sections and logarithms. It is the third course in a sequence that would empower the student to succeed in advanced mathematical topics.

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Advanced Geometry.

Students in this course will cover all of the regular Algebra 2 concepts as well as more advanced concepts and problems. Students should maintain at least a B average to remain in advanced math. A TI-84 graphing calculator is recommended.

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Successful completion ofAdvanced or College PreparatoryAlgebra 2

This course is designed for students who are interested in an introduction to statistical reasoning. Topics will include collecting and summarizing data, concepts of randomness and sampling, and statistical inference and reasoning.Students will complete real world-based projects and incorporate technology into data analysis.

All Year - 1 Credit

Recommendations: At least a C in Algebra 2.

This course is designed for students who had some difficulty in Algebra 2 but still want to pursue a mathematical curriculum. Some of the topics covered in Advanced Pre-Calculus are not covered in this course. A TI-84 graphing calculator is recommended.

All Year - 1 Credit

All Year - 2 Credits

Prerequisite: Advanced Algebra 2

This full year course is designed to educate students at the college level in advanced mathematics topics. A student has the option to enroll in two YSU courses through the College Credit Plus program. One semester is focused on College Algebra (Math 1510) topics; real numbers, equations and inequalities, linear, quadratic, polynomial, exponential and logarithmic functions and graphs, systems of equations, binomial theorem and applications. This class can fulfill a college’s general education requirements for mathematics. The other semester is focused on Trigonometry (Math 1511) topics; unit circle, angle measurements, similar triangles, trigonometric ratios and right triangle trigonometry, polar coordinates, law of (co)sines, six trigonometric functions and graphs, fundamental identities, equation solving and inverse trigonometric functions, complex numbers, and real-life applications. A TI-84 graphing calculator is recommended. Students will receive seven (7) semester hours of undergraduate credit.

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Pre-Calculus or Advanced Pre-Calculus.

This course will review Pre-Calculus topics and then will delve into Calculus concepts such as limits, derivatives, and integration. Students will be developing an understanding of the fundamental concepts and techniques of differential and integral calculus. Students will begin to understand the importance of differential and integral calculus in a variety of applications. Students will develop the ability to read mathematics with understanding and to write mathematics understandably.The purchase of a TI-84 graphing calculator is recommended. This course offers students college credit through the College Credit Plus program as YSU course MATH 1571. Students will receive four (4) semester hours of undergraduate credit.

All Year - 1 Credit

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Advanced Pre-Calculus

This is a rigorous course in Calculus. Students are expected to work on a review ofPre-Calculus concepts over the summer and will be tested on them the first week of school. This will enable students to begin in the fall with Calculus concepts including rates of change, integration, volume, etc. Students planning on a career in engineering or a related field should consider taking this course. Students are required to take theAP test in the spring and to have a TI-84 or TI-89 graphing calculator. This course offers students college credit through the College Credit Plus program asYSU courseMATH 1571. Students will receive four (4) semester hours of undergraduate credit.

Recommendations: Students should have a strong background in the fundamentals of mathematics and have the desire to complete a five year mathematics program in a period of four years of high school. A “B” or better average is recommended to continue in this program.

YEAR 1 - 8th Grade Algebra 1

YEAR 2 - Advanced Geometry

YEAR 3 - Advanced Algebra 2

YEAR 4 - Advanced Pre-Calculus

YEAR 5 - AP Calculus or Calculus

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: None

All participating students are enrolled in one of several ability-based ensembles. Each ensemble performs at a minimum of three concerts per year, and concert attendance is mandatory for all members. Students are graded based on their ability to read musical notation, play a woodwind, brass, or percussion instrument, and their understanding of musical terms and concepts

All Year - 1 Credit

This is a year-long course offered to all students as continuation in the choral sequence. The core curriculum is a deeper exploration of vocal technique, music theory, and music history through the study of a wide variety of choral music written for mixed voices. Students in Concert Choir are expected to participate in one evening concert each quarter as a major part of their grade.

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Students must be enrolled in Band or Choir, and must be proficient on one of the following instruments – Saxophone, trombone, trumpet, electric guitar, bass guitar, piano, drum set, or voice.

The Jazz Ensemble provides students the opportunity to perform and improvise music in the various styles of jazz, blues, be-bop, swing, rock, funk, and pop. Students interested in the Jazz Ensemble must see the director for audition information. Students are graded based on their ability to read musical notation, play an instrument with appropriate jazz style, and their understanding of jazz terms and concepts.

1 Semester - 1/4 Credit

The ODE guidelines for credit in this course requires that the student completes120 hours of instruction and activity time in the classroom for the ½ credit needed for graduation.

The Physical Education Curriculum will include a variety of opportunities for the student to develop proficiency in the Ohio Department of Education Physical Education Benchmarks adopted in July of 2012. Each student’s achievement in these benchmarks is to be reported to the ODE as part of the district report card.

Those benchmarks include:

Standard One: Competency in motor skills & movement patterns for performance in a variety of physical activities

Standard Two: Demonstrates understanding of movement concepts, principles, strategies and tactics when performing various activities

Standard Three: Understands & engages in regular physical activity of at least 60 minutes per day.

Standard Four: An evaluation and performance of Physical Best Assessments

This standard is a cut and dry evaluation based on each student’s “testing scores” of the Physical Best Program adopted by the Ohio Department of Education. Each student is to understand and be able to apply the principles, components and practices of the health-related fitness terminology presented through this class.

Standard Five: Exhibits responsible personal behavior and social behavior that demonstrates respect for self and others in the physical activity setting.

Standard Six: Values physical activity for health benefits, enjoyment & challenges, for Self-expression and/ or positive social interaction.

1 Semester - 1/2 Credit

Prerequisite: Students must have completed their PE credit.

Lifetime Fitness and Sport is a semester long elective class worth ½ credit. Students must be Junior or Senior level to enroll. This course will touch on a wide variety of topics related to fitness and sport. Principles of training including diet and exercise techniques will be taught, as well as, rules and strategies of various lifetime sports. The classroom setting will vary each day from the weight room, to the gymnasium, to the field to the classroom. Students will be graded on written assignments, quizzes, article reviews and their effort and attitude during participation.

1 Semester - 1/2 Credit

Health education is a semester class devoted to the presentation of current topics that aim to equip students with knowledge and skills necessary to make positive healthy choices throughout their lives.

This class will explore topics that influence our personal wellness on a daily basis. Topics include; general hygiene practices, decision making, personality development, role models, emotional needs, stress reduction and its relationship to mental illness, suicide prevention and risky behaviors such as drug, tobacco and alcohol use.

Students will also be exposed to various nutrition topics that include MyPlate.gov, fad diet trends, sport nutrition, portion sizing and reading of food labels. We will also look at human growth and development, reproduction, STI information and prevention strategies, various methods of contraception with an emphasis on abstinence.

Students will also hear information on organ donation and be instructed on methods of CPR.

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Application Acceptance through Teacher Approval and enrollment in Grades 9-12

This elective journalism course includes instruction based on the fundamentals of journalism with an emphasis on professional skills such as interviewing and ethics.The staff will use their knowledge to develop news articles for the school newspaper via the news website. Students will also participate in business management activities. There is the opportunity for leadership roles such as editor, co-editor, business manager, photographer etc. The course is a pass/fail with article requirements per nine weeks, and this course can be taken for multiple years.

All Year - 1 Credit

Pioneer is open to sophomore, junior, or senior students who make application to the yearbook advisor the Spring before they wish to serve as a staff member. A variety of positions are available: editor-in-chief, section editors, photographers, business manager, art editors, copy editors. Students are chosen for their positions by the yearbook advisor and graduating senior staff members. Grade averages participation in co-curricular activities, and interests expressed on the application area few of the determining factors for placement on the staff. All students who apply are not accepted for a position. It is a job of the newly chosen staff to produce the school yearbook. It is also the job of each staff to raise enough money to finance their book through ad and book sales. Grading is on a basis of S-U (Satisfactory & Unsatisfactory).

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Ninth Grade Standing

Physical / Earth / Space Science is an introductory course particularly applicable to freshmen students. It is designed to provide opportunity to acquire the knowledge, prerequisite skills, and habits of mind needed for problem solving and ethical decision making about matters of scientific and technological concern, as well as provide a basic foundation for advanced studies in the sciences and personal career choices. Topics include, but are not limited to properties of matter, atomic structure, forces and motion, work and energy, earth processes and space technology. The course will cover the use of lab equipment, scientific method, science journaling, observation and inferences. Mathematics as related to science, especially numerical and graphical analyses will be a strong component of the coursework.

A fee is charged.

All Year - 1 Credit

Biologists study the structures and functions found in organisms, the variety of living things, the development of variations, heredity, and the interactions of living things with their environment. Laboratory exercises involve manipulation of equipment, careful observation, and recording. This study ranges from the cellular to the multicellular level. As such, some elementary chemistry is involved.Biology will challenge the average student, so the student should recognize considerable effort is needed in this elective subject.

A fee is charged

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Teacher recommendation from 8th grade

The BSCS program deals with organizational levels (molecular, cellular, organ, system, population, ecosystem, for example) of living things. More inquiry is involved than the regular biology course, along with the integration of some chemistry. This class is designed for students of high academic ability who should expect challenging work. The BSCS course is a good preparation for further studies in science.

A fee is charged

All Year - 1 Credit

All Year - 2 Credits

Prerequisite: A or B in either BSCS or General Biology; A or B in Chemistry

This elective is an advanced placement course providing an entry level university study of biological disciplines. AP Biology offers an in-depth study of basic biology and is intended for those students anticipating further education in scientific fields. Students will study the chemical and physical foundations of life, structure and function of cells and organelles, metabolism, basic molecular biology and inheritance, and principles of evolution during the first semester. The second semester focuses on the structure and function of plants and animals, examination of the structure and functioning of organismic communities and ecosystems. This course offers students college credit through the College Credit Plus program as YSU courses BIOL 2601/2601L and BIOL 2602/2602L. Students will receive eight (8) semester hours of undergraduate credit. Students are required to take the AP test in the spring.

A fee is charged.

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: “C” or better in Algebra 1; Algebra 2 is recommended.

Chemistry is designed to meet the needs of the college-bound student. It is concerned with nature and changes of matter. The laboratory and lecture are the chief tools which introduce observations and data that are integrated into the theoretical, descriptive, and mathematical content of the course. Since chemistry involves a great deal of problem solving, the prospective student should have a strong background in mathematics. Goggles and a problem-solving book are purchased.

A fee is charged

All Year - 1 Credit

All Year - 2 Credits

Advanced Chemistry is a very demanding course, taught at Poland High School, in which a student is concurrently enrolled at Youngstown State University in Chemistry1515 and 1516. Students will receive eight (8) semester hours of undergraduate credit and will follow the YSU syllabus for course content. This course is part of the College Credit Plus program.

A fee is charged.

All Year - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: 2 Science Credits

Environmental Science, a junior/senior elective, is a year-long comprehensive course which provides the opportunity for a student to develop an understanding of, and acquire skills associated with, the varied disciplines of science from a global ecological perspective. Key applications will include the following: concept analysis, research and laboratory investigation; key concepts will include, but are not limited to, studies in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, population studies, global resource management, and sustainability.

A fee is charged.

All Year 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Concurrently taking Pre-Calculus or higher.

Fundamentals of Physics is an inquiry-based laboratory experience that engages students in asking valid scientific questions and gathering and analyzing information. This course elaborates on the study of the key physics concepts as they relate to increasingly complex systems and applications that will provide a foundation for further study in science and scientific literacy. Students will engage in investigations to understand and explain concepts in a variety of inquiry and design scenarios that incorporate scientific reasoning, analysis, communication skills and real-world applications. Topics include the following: One and Two Dimensional Motion, Newton’s Laws, Forces (including gravitational, elastic, frictional, and drag forces) in One and Two Dimensions, One-Dimensional Momentum and Impulse, Forms of Energy, Conservation of Momentum and Energy, Work and Power, Waves, Light Phenomena, Electricity and Magnetism, Coulomb’s Law, Electric Fields and Electric Potential Energy, DC Circuits, Magnetic Fields and Energy, and Electromagnetic Interactions.

A fee is charged.

All Year - 1 Credit

All Year - 1 1/3 Credit

Prerequisite: Concurrently taking Calculus or higher

STEM Physics is a course in introductory mechanics designed for students that wish to major in a STEM field and/or gain college credit through the College Credit Plus program. While the goals of the course are the same as Fundamentals of Physics, topics will include the following, which are designated as part of thePhysics 1501 course at Youngstown State University: One and Two DimensionalKinematics, Newton’s Laws, Forces in One and Two Dimensions, Momentum and Impulse, Energy, Rotational Motion, Torque, Angular Momentum, Simple Harmonic Motion, Mechanical Waves, and Sound. Students will receive five (5) semester hours of undergraduate credit.

A fee is charged.

1 Semester - 1/2 Credit

1 Semester - 1 Credit

Prerequisite: Biology and Chemistry

This one semester course is designed to help meet the needs of those who have selected future careers in nursing, biology, pharmacy, or related medical fields. Topics include body organization, biological chemistry, homeostasis, cytology, histology and the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous system and special senses. Other topics include pathophysiology, nutrition, metabolism, homeostatic mechanisms, fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Lab experience is included.This course offers students college credit through the College Credit Plus program as Eastern Gateway Community College course BIO107. Students will receive four (4) semester hours of undergraduate credit.

A fee is charged.

1 Semester - 1/2 Credit

1 Semester - 1 Credit

This one semester course provides a continuation of the comprehensive study of the anatomy and physiology of the human body. Topics include a review of the endocrine system, followed by an in-depth study of the cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems as well as metabolism, nutrition, pathophysiology, acid-base balance, and fluid and electrolyte balance. Lab experience is included. This course offers students college credit through the College Credit Plus program as Eastern Gateway Community College course BIO108. Students will receive four (4) semester hours of undergraduate credit.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

Prerequisites: “C” or better in Biology, Chemistry and Algebra 1

Botany and Horticulture, the art and science of the cultivation and care of plants, investigates the basic development of plants and the interaction of plants and society. This class will provide basic plant science knowledge, acquired lab skills relevant to the propagation of plants, examine and understand the influence of plants on society and evaluate new developments with technology. Students will apply the scientific method to evaluate experimental data and design. Utilizing our green- house and planters, students will learn how to manage, clean, maintain, care for and keep a greenhouse organized while growing plants suited for the season. Students will take quizzes, exams, complete projects, write papers, make presentations and maintain daily journal logs of their plants. Graphing and math will be utilized in this qualitative and quantitative class.

1 Semester - 1/2 Credit

1 Semester - 1 Credit

Prerequisites: “A” or “B” in Biology, Chemistry and Algebra

Physical Geology is a college level class focusing on the composition and structure of the earth, its rocks and minerals, surface, erosional and depositional features, and the agents that form them. It includes the study of various physical and chemical processes acting on and within the earth. Topics include plate tectonics, volcanoes, weathering and erosion, earthquakes, streams and ground-water, glaciers, shorelines, faults and geologic structures. The laboratory component includes identification of minerals and rocks, and the interpretation of topographic and geologic maps.This course offers students college credit through the College Credit Plus program as YSU course GEOL1505. Students will receive four (4) semester hours of undergraduate credit.

A fee is charged

All Year - 1 Credit

This course is a more in depth look at the 17^th century to the present. The course is still aligned with all state standards. This class is for students who are following a college preparatory program. The majority of this class is run with a lecture/discussion method. The use of the multi-media center will be utilized and research projects will be expected by all students.

All Year - 1 Credit

Honors World History is a course that is for the motivated student who wishes to move quickly and study many parts of the 17^th century to the present in a much more in-depth fashion than other courses. The use of essay tests will be used very often and presentations will be expected by all students. This is a prerequisite for taking AP United States History.

All Year - 1 Credit

College United States History is a chronological/thematic study of American History from the late 19th century to the present. This is a traditional course for college-bound sophomores with instruction based on a lecture/discussion format, emphasizing critical thinking and writing skills necessary for success at the college level.

All Year - 1 Credit

Honors United States History is a fast-paced course designed to give the highly capable, motivated students an intensive study of American history. The course involves the in-depth reading and analysis of a significant body of historical writing from the colonial era to the present. A lecture/discussion format is used in the class, heavily emphasizing the development of critical thinking skills. Historical analysis is done by way of thematic essays and research papers as well as oral presentations. Students will also be required to complete summer work and to take the AP test in the spring.

All Year - 1 Credit

The curriculum for this course is modeled after introductory college level art history survey courses and reflects the College Board AP Art History Course Description. Tests and quizzes are given throughout the year using the format of the AP Art History Exam with multiple choice, short answer, and long essay questions, some of which are based on slides. Students are to approach their study in a self-disciplined manner, including preparation for class, reading, visual and written note taking, essay writing, and class participation. Students enrolled in this course are required to take the AP Art History examination in the spring, and may possibly score high enough to receive college credit for the course. This class will fulfill either a social Studies or a Fine Arts requirement.

1 Semester - 1/2 Credit

1 Semester - 1 Credit

This study of the nature and structure of American government includes an overview of federal, state, county, and local systems. Emphasis is placed on the structure of the U.S. Constitution, the functions of the three branches of government, and the major founding documents of the American System. The course may require participation in outside classroom activities/events and classroom debates that relate to the course outcomes. This course offers students college credit through the College Credit Plus program as Eastern Gateway Community College course PSC101. Students will receive three (3) semester hours of undergraduate credit.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

This government class is meant for a college bound student, and is designed to take you through the workings of our American democracy; through all three levels and all three branches, including various milestones throughout the history of our government. We will also take time to examine the extension of civil rights to disenfranchised minorities, how Ohio’s government aligns with the federal system, and will explore the relationship between the government and the economy. We will also examine Public Policy, how it is created and who is creating it, as well as how we, as citizens, can influence its creation. We will cover many other governmental topics including an in depth look at our Constitution and local government leaders, just to name a few. Keep in mind though, this is NOT a history class; government is alive and ever changing and you need to be aware of that if you are to become well-rounded citizens. Students will also be required to complete several projects and attend two local government meetings (Village Council,Township, Board of Education.)

1 Semester - ½ Credit

Psychology is primarily designed for the college bound student. It stresses a general introduction into the field of psychology. It includes basic theories of psychology: 1 Personality, 2 -Learning, 3 -Perception and other concepts. The course will also deal with the maturing process from infancy through old age stressing the psychological occurrences during those stages.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

Economics features hands-on operation of a small company and occasional visits from local business leaders, in addition to the study of basic economic theory. At least one third of the class is dedicated to increasing student knowledge of personal finance. One personal finance book review is required, as well as participation in a stock market simulation. Speakers on finance, insurance, banking, taxes and entrepreneurship will be invited to class. THIS COURSE SATISFIES THE FINANCIAL LITERACY REQUIREMENT FOR THE GRADUATING CLASSES OF 2023, 2024 & 2025.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

Prerequisite: World History and a Junior or Senior standing. History of Fine Arts is a multi-disciplinary course in art, music, literature, and architecture. It is presented on a continent-by-continent basis. The text will be enhanced by lectures, class discussion, the use of slides, compact discs, videos, and the reading of selected poetry and short stories. The class will fulfill either a Social Studies or a Fine Arts requirement at state universities in Ohio.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

1 Semester - 1 Credit

A survey of the philosophy and principles of the American criminal justice system is offered. The roles of the peace officer, corrections officer, attorneys, and judicial system are presented; respective functions within the system are examined. This course offers students college credit through the College Credit Plus program as Eastern Gateway Community College course CJT101. Students will receive three (3) semester hours of undergraduate credit.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

Students will learn about the video production process and create various short films throughout this course. Students will learn how to use Adobe Premiere Pro, Adobe After Effects, and Garageband to edit and enhance their videos. Students will analyze a variety of films to learn how to properly tell their story and investigate different styles of filmmaking, cinematography, and technical aspects of making a video. It is recommended that students have an interest in writing original stories.

Students will be required to perform approximately 15 hours of out-of-class production time.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

Prerequisite: Must be in 10th-12th Grade

Students will learn how to design original 2D characters using Adobe Illustrator.Students will take their original drawings and animate them using Adobe Animate,Character Animator, and After Effects. This class is designed as an introduction into basic computer animation.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

Have you ever wondered how to create mobile computer applications like the ones you have on your phone? This course will explore the step by step process of App Design usingApp Lab (Javascript). No computer coding experience is necessary.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

Prerequisite: App Design 1 & Teacher Permission

Students will build upon what they learned in App Design 1 to create unique mobile and computer applications. Students will use Swift coding languages (iOS) to create their apps.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

Students will learn to program, design, prototype and test their own analog and video games. In addition to creating one’s own unique games, students learn video game history, theory, and production. Students will use Game Lab in Code.org (Javascript).

1 Semester - ½ Credit

Prerequisite: Game Design 1, Teacher Permission and must be in 10th-12th Grade.

Students will build upon what they learned in Game Design 1 to create games in Unity. Students will be introduced to a new programming language, C# (C sharp), and use that to create original games.

1 Semester - ½ Credit

Would you like to explore a career in Sports Broadcasting? This course allows students to investigate all aspects of broadcasting live internet high school sporting events including football, soccer, and basketball. Students will learn how to properly set up equipment, create interesting and informative graphics, and interview coaches and athletes.